If you are sick, stay away from others as much as possible to keep from getting them sick. Wash your hands regularly. Cough or sneeze into a tissue or into your elbow or sleeve.
Clean and disinfect surfaces that are touched a lot. Limit contact with cigarette smoke or quit smoking. Take good care of medical conditions like asthma, diabetes, or heart disease.
Certain people are more likely to become ill with pneumonia: adults 65 years or older; children younger than 5 years old; people who have ongoing medical conditions like asthma, diabetes or heart disease ; and people who smoke cigarettes. Encourage friends and loved ones to make sure they are up to date with their vaccines. At age 68, Clinton falls into a high-risk group: people older than Others at higher risk of contracting pneumonia include smokers, children younger than 5, and people with other health conditions such as heart disease, diabetes or asthma.
Many people develop pneumonia after having the flu. Harrison, the ninth president, developed it after a bad cold he caught soon after his inauguration in It occurs when germs get into a person's lungs because the immune system is weakened, the nose and airways didn't properly filter out the invaders, or the person was exposed to an especially large or strong onslaught of germs, according to the American Lung Association. Most healthy people recover within three weeks, but in severe cases, the infection spreads and interferes with oxygen reaching the bloodstream.
In extreme cases that go untreated, pneumonia can kill within hours, PBS has reported. Some people have speculated that Clinton may have what is colloquially known "walking pneumonia," a milder version that allows the person to go about everyday activities, NBC News reported.
Mild cases can be treated with rest, fluids and over-the-counter anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen. But depending on whether the infection is viral or bacterial, and the age and overall condition of the person, hospitalization may be required, and pneumonia may persist for a month or more, the Lung Association says.
The type of pneumonia determines whether it's contagious or not, Fox News reported. Robert Kotloff, chairman of pulmonary medicine at the Cleveland Clinic, told Kwan that from what he knows, he believes Clinton's pneumonia to be bacterial. It can be treated with antifungal medications and is less deadly than bacterial pneumonia.
They include:. Aspiration pneumonia is caused when liquid, food, vomit, or saliva enters the lungs, eventually causing an infection. This can happen in people who have difficulty swallowing, but also in those who use certain drugs.
There are two different ways to get pneumonia which may impact what kinds of germs make you sick. The germs that cause these two different types of pneumonia are different. Those from a hospital setting are more likely to be antibiotic-resistant, which means they do not respond to treatment with certain antibiotics.
This makes them harder to beat. The most common complication from pneumonia is a condition called pleural effusion. This is the buildup of fluid in the membranes around the lungs inside the chest cavity. It causes pain and impairs your ability to breathe.
These and other complications of pneumonia can lead to a worsening of pre-existing heart and lung conditions. If your pneumonia is severe, you may be hospitalized and receive these drugs intravenously through a tube in your vein, and you may receive help breathing.
Severe pneumonia can be deadly because of the severe complications that can result from a serious infection. These complications include:. Severe pneumonia, especially if left untreated, can have long-lasting repercussions on your lungs.
It can influence your susceptibility to infections in the future and decrease your ability to exercise and quality of life. While most people will catch a cold or the flu every year, some infections that cause pneumonia can be prevented with vaccines. There are specifically a few vaccines you should get to avoid catching pneumonia:. Other than vaccines, make sure to follow proper cold and flu season hygiene. Sanitize any common surfaces that you come into contact with. Staying home yourself while sick is also important to stop these infections from spreading.
Last but not least, take good care of yourself. Stay healthy by being active and eating well. Avoid smoking or drinking too much. Get good sleep. If you're at high risk for pneumonia, or if you have a lingering cold, cough, or flu, make sure to monitor yourself for concerning symptoms. Pneumonia can lead to death, especially for people who are in high-risk groups.
Bacterial pneumonia is the type most likely to lead to hospitalization. But viral and fungal pneumonia can also cause serious complications or death. The germ travels via droplets conveyed through coughing, sneezing, and even talking in close proximity. Bacterial pneumonia is most common in winter and spring, when upper respiratory tract infections are frequent. Pneumonia is also a common complication of influenza. Most cases of bacterial pneumonia can be effectively treated with penicillin.
Between and , pneumonia death rates in the United States dropped approximately 40 percent with the greater availability of antibiotics. The more common viral pneumonia usually diminishes on its own, but all strains of pneumonia can be serious if neglected, and people should always seek medical supervision for their care. Along with other acute respiratory infections, pneumonia is in a near tie with diarrheal diseases as a leading cause of death in children under 5 worldwide.
It's estimated that pneumonia kills approximately two million children each year, with 40 percent of these deaths in Africa. More than two-thirds of pneumonia deaths among children in the developing world are caused by just two kinds of bacteria: Pneumoccoccus and Hemophilus influenzae.
Trained community health workers can dramatically reduce these deaths when they teach parents to identify the early signs of pneumonia: rapid breathing and violent shaking in the chest.
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