They are only references, and it's more important to adhere to making healthy life choices such as regular exercise, eating a variety of unprocessed foods, getting enough sleep, etc. That being said, many factors can affect the ideal weight; the major factors are listed below. Other factors include health conditions, fat distribution, progeny, etc. In theory, age shouldn't be a large determinant of an IBW past the ages of for girls and for boys, after which most people stop growing.
It is actually expected that human males and females to lose 1. It is important to remember that as people age, lean muscle mass decreases and it is easier to accumulate excess body fat. This is a natural process, though it is possible to lessen the effects of aging by adopting various habits such as monitoring diet, exercise, stress, and sleep. Generally, females weigh less than males even though they naturally have a higher percentage of body fat.
This is because the male body generally has higher muscle mass, and muscle is heavier than fat. Not only that, but women generally have lower bone density. Last but not least, males tend to be taller than females. The taller the person, the more muscle mass and body fat they have, which results in more weight. Body frame size is another factor that can have a significant impact on the measurement of ideal weight.
Body frame size is typically categorized as small, medium, or large boned. It is measured based on the circumference of a person's wrist in relation to their height, as shown below.
A person who is large boned will naturally weigh more than someone who is small boned, even at the same height, making body frame size a factor that can affect measurements such as IBW and BMI. High-performance athletes, for example, tend to be very fit and have little body fat. They can have a high BMI because they have more muscle mass, but this does not mean they are overweight. However, it should not be the only measure for an individual to assess whether their weight is ideal or not.
Research has shown that people who have more body fat around their middle are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease CVD and diabetes. For this reason, the waist-to-hip ratio WHR is a useful tool for calculating whether a person has a healthy weight and size.
This will give them 0. How WHR affects the risk of cardiovascular disease CVD is different for men and women, because they tend to have different body shapes. However, these figures can vary , depending on the source and the population to which they apply.
WHR may be a better predictor of heart attacks and other health risks than BMI, which does not take fat distribution into consideration. A study of health records for 1, people in 11 countries, published in , showed that those with a higher WHR also have a greater risk of medical and surgical complications relating to colorectal surgery. Waist-to-height ratio WtHR is another tool that might predict the risk of heart disease , diabetes, and overall mortality more effectively than BMI.
A person whose waist measurement is less than half their height has a lower risk of a number of life-threatening health complications. To calculate the WtHR, a person should divide their waist size by their height.
If the answer is 0. The authors also cited findings from another study — involving statistics for around , people from different ethnic groups — which concluded that WHtR is better than BMI at predicting heart attacks, strokes , diabetes, and hypertension. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC note that a man with a waist size of 40 inches or above, or a woman with a waist size of 35 inches or above has a higher risk than other people of:.
Essential fat : A person needs essential fat to survive. It plays a role in a wide range of bodily functions. For men, it is healthy to have 2 to 4 percent of their body composition as essential fat.
Storage fat : Fatty tissue protects the internal organs in the chest and abdomen, and the body can use it if necessary for energy. Black, Asian and other minority ethnic groups have a higher risk of developing some long-term chronic conditions, such as type 2 diabetes. Measuring your waist is a good way to check you're not carrying too much fat around your stomach, which can raise your risk of heart disease, type 2 diabetes and stroke.
You can have a healthy BMI and still have excess tummy fat, meaning you're still at risk of developing these conditions. For children and young people aged 2 to 18, the BMI calculator takes into account age and gender as well as height and weight. Overweight children are thought to be at increased risk of a variety of health conditions, and they're also more likely to be overweight as adults.
A child's BMI is expressed as a "centile" to show how their BMI compares with children who took part in national surveys. Measuring waist size is not routinely recommended for children because it does not take their height into account. See a GP if you're concerned about your child's weight. They may be able to refer you to your local healthy lifestyle programme for children, young people and families.
Find out more in underweight children aged 6 to 12 and very overweight children. Get tips on how to encourage your child to be more active and eat well. Your BMI can tell you if you're carrying too much weight, but it cannot tell if you're carrying too much fat. Pregnancy will also affect a woman's BMI result. Your BMI will go up as your weight increases. You should use your pre-pregnancy weight when calculating your BMI.
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